Na'urori masu auna inertial sun haɗa da accelerometers (wanda kuma ake kira acceleration sensosi) da na'urori masu saurin sauri na angular (wanda ake kira gyroscopes), da kuma su guda-, dual-, da axis-triple-axis hade da raka'a na inertial (wanda ake kira IMUs) da AHRS.
Accelerometer ya ƙunshi tarin ganowa (wanda kuma ake kira daɗaɗɗen taro), goyan baya, ma'aunin ƙarfi, bazara, damper da harsashi.A haƙiƙa, yana amfani da ƙa'idar hanzari don ƙididdige yanayin abin da ke motsawa a sararin samaniya.Da farko, na'urar accelerometer kawai tana hango saurin a tsaye ta saman.A farkon zamanin, an yi amfani da shi kawai a cikin tsarin kayan aiki don gano nauyin jirgin sama.Bayan haɓaka aiki da haɓakawa, yanzu yana yiwuwa a zahiri jin haɓakar abubuwa ta kowace hanya.Babban abin da ake amfani da shi na yanzu shine accelerometer mai axis 3, wanda ke auna bayanan hanzarin abu akan gatura uku na X, Y, da Z a cikin tsarin daidaita sararin samaniya, wanda zai iya nuna cikakkiyar yanayin motsi na fassarar abu.
Gyroscopes na farko sune gyroscopes na inji tare da ginannun gyroscopes masu saurin gudu.Saboda gyroscope na iya kula da jujjuyawa mai tsayi da tsayin daka akan madaidaicin gimbal, ana amfani da gyroscopes na farko wajen kewayawa don gano alkibla, tantance hali da ƙididdige saurin angular.Daga baya, a hankali Ana amfani dashi a cikin kayan aikin jirgin sama.Koyaya, nau'in injin yana da manyan buƙatu akan daidaiton aiki kuma ana iya shafa shi cikin sauƙi ta hanyar girgizawar waje, don haka daidaiton lissafin injin gyroscope bai yi girma ba.
Daga baya, don inganta daidaito da kuma amfani, ka'idar gyroscope ba kawai inji ba ne, amma yanzu Laser gyroscope (ka'idar bambancin hanya), fiber optic gyroscope (Sagnac sakamako, ka'idar bambancin hanya) an haɓaka.a) da gyroscope na microelectromechanical (watau MEMS, wanda ya dogara ne akan ka'idar karfi na Coriolis kuma yana amfani da canjin ƙarfinsa na ciki don ƙididdige saurin angular, MEMS gyroscopes sun fi kowa a cikin wayoyin hannu).Saboda aikace-aikacen fasahar MEMS, farashin IMU ma ya ragu da yawa.A halin yanzu, ana amfani da shi sosai, kuma yawancin mutane suna amfani da shi, tun daga wayar hannu da motoci zuwa jiragen sama, makamai masu linzami, da kuma jiragen sama.Har ila yau, abubuwan da aka ambata a sama daidai ne daban-daban, filayen aikace-aikacen daban-daban, da farashi daban-daban.
A watan Oktoban shekarar da ta gabata, giant na firikwensin inertial Safran ya sami na'urar firikwensin gyroscope na Norway da za a jera ba da daɗewa ba da MEMS inertial Systems Sensonor don faɗaɗa ikon kasuwancin sa zuwa fasahar firikwensin tushen MEMS da aikace-aikace masu alaƙa,
Injin Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa yana da fasaha da balagagge da ƙwarewa a fagen masana'antun gidaje na MEMS, da kuma tsayayyen ƙungiyar abokin ciniki.
Kamfanonin Faransa guda biyu, ECA Group da iXblue, sun shiga cikin matakin haɗin kai na shawarwarin keɓancewa.Haɗin, wanda ƙungiyar ECA ta haɓaka, za ta haifar da babban jagorar fasaha na Turai a cikin fagagen ruwa, kewayawa mara ƙarfi, sararin samaniya da hoto.ECA da iXblue abokan hulɗa ne na dogon lokaci.Abokin Hulɗa, ECA yana haɗa tsarin sakawa na iXblue na inertial da na ƙarƙashin ruwa a cikin abin hawa ƙarƙashin ruwa mai cin gashin kansa don yaƙin ma'adanin ruwa.
Fasahar Inertial da Ci gaban Sensor
Daga 2015 zuwa 2020, adadin haɓakar shekara-shekara na kasuwar firikwensin inertial na duniya shine 13.0%, kuma girman kasuwa a cikin 2021 ya kusan dala biliyan 7.26.A farkon ci gaban fasahar inertial, an fi amfani da ita a fagen tsaron kasa da masana'antar soji.Babban madaidaici da haɓakar hankali sune manyan abubuwan samfuran fasahar inertial don masana'antar soja.Mafi mahimmancin buƙatun Intanet na Motoci, tuƙi mai cin gashin kansa, da bayanan mota sune aminci da aminci, sannan kuma ta'aziyya.Bayan duk wannan akwai na'urori masu auna firikwensin, musamman na'urori masu auna inertial na MEMS da ake amfani da su sosai, wanda kuma ake kira inertial sensors.naúrar aunawa.
Ana amfani da firikwensin inertial (IMU) don ganowa da auna hanzari da firikwensin motsi.Ana amfani da wannan ka'ida a cikin firikwensin MEMS tare da diamita na kusan rabin mita zuwa na'urorin fiber optic tare da diamita na kusan rabin mita.Ana iya amfani da firikwensin inertial a ko'ina cikin na'urori masu amfani da lantarki, kayan wasan yara masu wayo, na'urorin lantarki na kera motoci, sarrafa masana'antu, aikin gona mai wayo, kayan aikin likitanci, kayan aiki, Robots, injinan gini, tsarin kewayawa, sadarwar tauraron dan adam, makaman soja da sauran fannoni da yawa.
Yankunan firikwensin inertial bayyananne na yanzu
Na'urori masu auna inertial suna da mahimmanci a cikin kewayawa da tsarin sarrafa jirgin sama, kowane nau'in jirgin sama na kasuwanci, da gyaran yanayin tauraron dan adam da daidaitawa.
Haɓaka tauraro na micro da nanosatellites don watsa labaran intanet na duniya da sa ido na duniya mai nisa, kamar SpaceX da OneWeb, suna haifar da buƙatar na'urori masu auna tauraron dan adam zuwa matakan da ba a taɓa gani ba.
Haɓaka buƙatun na'urori masu auna inertial a cikin tsarin harba roka na kasuwanci yana ƙara haɓaka buƙatar kasuwa.
Robotics, dabaru da tsarin sarrafa kansa duk suna buƙatar na'urori masu auna inertial.
Bugu da kari, yayin da yanayin abin hawa mai cin gashin kansa ya ci gaba, sarkar kayan aikin masana'antu na samun sauyi.
Haɓaka haɓakar buƙatun ƙasa yana haɓaka haɓakar amfani da kasuwannin cikin gida
A halin yanzu, fasahar a cikin VR na gida, UAV, marasa matuki, robot da sauran wuraren amfani da fasaha suna ƙara girma, kuma aikace-aikacen yana haɓaka haɓakawa a hankali, wanda ke motsa mabukaci na cikin gida MEMS inertial firikwensin kasuwar firikwensin karuwa kowace rana.
Bugu da kari, a cikin fannonin masana'antu na binciken man fetur, bincike da taswira, layin dogo mai sauri, sadarwa a cikin motsi, sa ido kan halayen eriya, tsarin sa ido na hoto, sa ido kan lafiyar tsarin tsarin, saka idanu na vibration da sauran filayen masana'antu, yanayin aikace-aikacen fasaha a bayyane yake a bayyane yake. , wanda ya zama wani abu don ci gaba da ci gaban kasuwar firikwensin inertial MEMS na cikin gida.Mai turawa.
A matsayin na'urar auna maɓalli a filayen jiragen sama da na sararin samaniya, na'urori masu auna inertial koyaushe sun kasance ɗaya daga cikin mahimman na'urorin da ke cikin tsaron ƙasa.Yawancin samar da firikwensin inertial na cikin gida koyaushe sun kasance rukunin mallakar gwamnati kai tsaye da ke da alaƙa da tsaron ƙasa, kamar AVIC, sararin samaniya, ƙaya, da Gina Jirgin ruwa na China.
A zamanin yau, buƙatun kasuwar firikwensin inertial na cikin gida yana ci gaba da zafi, ana shawo kan shingen fasaha na ƙasashen waje a hankali, kuma kyawawan kamfanonin firikwensin inertial na cikin gida suna tsaye a tsakar wani sabon zamani.
Kamar yadda ayyukan tuƙi masu cin gashin kansu suka fara canzawa a hankali daga matakin ci gaba zuwa matsakaici da haɓakar girma, ana iya ganin cewa za a sami matsin lamba a fagen don rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki, girma, nauyi, da farashi yayin kiyayewa ko haɓaka aikin.
Musamman, fahimtar yawan samar da ƙananan na'urori masu amfani da lantarki sun sanya samfuran fasahar inertial da aka yi amfani da su sosai a cikin farar hula inda ƙananan madaidaicin na iya biyan bukatun aikace-aikacen.A halin yanzu, filin aikace-aikacen da sikelin suna nuna yanayin haɓaka cikin sauri.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris-03-2023