Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvekufunga nezve machining zvikamu zveaerospace application, senge chikamu chimiro, uremu uye kusimba.Izvi zvinhu zvichakanganisa kuchengetedzwa kwendege uye hupfumi hwendege.Zvinhu zvesarudzo zvekugadzira aerospace zvagara zviri aluminium segoridhe guru.Mumajeti emazuva ano, zvisinei, inobata chete 20 muzana yehuwandu hwechimiro.
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kuri kuda kwendege dzakareruka, kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakaumbwa senge carbon-reinforced polymers uye huchi zvinhu zviri kuwedzera muindasitiri yemazuva ano yemuchadenga.Makambani anogadzira zvemuchadenga ari kutanga kutsvaga imwe nzira yearuminiyamu alloys — aviation-grade stainless steel.Chikamu chesimbi iyi isina tsvina muzvikamu zvitsva zvendege chiri kuwedzera.Ngationgororei mashandisirwo uye mutsauko pakati pearuminiyamu alloys uye simbi dzisina simbi mundege dzazvino.
Kushandiswa kwealuminium alloy zvikamu mumunda weaerospace
Aluminium isimbi yakapfava zvikuru, inorema 2.7 g/cm3 (magiramu pa cubic centimita).Kunyange zvazvo aruminiyamu yakareruka uye isingadhure pane simbi isina simbi, aruminiyamu haina kusimba uye haina ngura inoshingirira sesimbi isina simbi, uye haina kusimba uye inoshingirira mukuora sesimbi isina simbi.Stainless simbi inokunda aluminium maererano nesimba.
Kunyange zvazvo kushandiswa kwealuminium alloys kwadzikira muzvinhu zvakawanda zvekugadzirwa kwemuchadenga, aruminiyamu alloys achiri kutora nzvimbo yakakosha mukugadzira ndege dzemazuva ano, uye kune akawanda chaiwo maapplication, aruminiyamu ichiri chinhu chakasimba, chakareruka.Nekuda kwepamusoro ductility uye kureruka kwekugadzira machining, aluminium haina kudhura zvakanyanya pane akawanda anoumbwa zvinhu kana titanium.Inogona zvakare kuwedzera simbi yayo nekuisanganisa nemamwe simbi semhangura, magnesium, manganese uye zinc kana nekutonhora kana kupisa kurapwa.
Aluminium alloys anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvikamu zvemuchadenga anosanganisira:
1. Aruminiyamu chiwanikwa 7075 (aruminiyamu/zingi)
2. Aluminium alloy 7475-02 (aruminiyamu/zingi/magnesium/silicon/chromium)
3. Aluminium alloy 6061 (aruminiyamu/magnesium/silicon)
7075, musanganiswa wealuminium uye zinc, ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa alloys mune aerospace application, ichipa yakanakisa mechaniki zvivakwa, ductility, simba uye kuneta kuramba.
7475-02 musanganiswa wealuminium, zingi, silicon uye chromium, nepo 6061 ine aluminium, magnesium uye silicon.Ndeipi alloy inodiwa inoenderana zvachose neyakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kweiyo terminal.Kunyangwe akawanda aruminiyamu alloy zvikamu mundege zviri zvekushongedza, maererano nehuremu huremu uye kusimba, aruminiyamu alloy ndiyo yakanakisa sarudzo.
Iyo yakajairwa aluminium alloy inoshandiswa muindasitiri yeaerospace ndeye aluminium scandium.Kuwedzera scandium kualuminium kunowedzera simba resimbi uye kudzivirira kupisa.Kushandisa aluminium scandium kunovandudzawo kushanda kwemafuta.Sezvo iri imwe nzira kune denser zvinhu zvakaita sesimbi uye titanium, kutsiva zvinhu izvi neyakareruka aluminium scandium inogona kuchengetedza huremu, nekudaro kuvandudza kushanda kwemafuta uye kusimba kwekusimba kweairframe.
Kushandiswa kwezvikamu zvesimbi isina tsvina mune aerospace
Muindasitiri yemuchadenga, kushandiswa kwesimbi isina tsvina kunoshamisa kana ichienzaniswa nealuminium.Nekuda kwehuremu huremu hwesimbi isina tsvina, kushandiswa kwayo mumashandisirwo emuchadenga kwakawedzera kupfuura nakare kose.
Simbi isina tsvina inoreva mhuri yesimbi-based alloys ine inokwana 11% chromium, komboni inodzivirira simbi kubva mukuora uye inopa kusapisa.Mhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi isina tsvina dzinosanganisira zvinhu nitrogen, aluminium, silicon, sarufa, titanium, nickel, mhangura, selenium, niobium uye molybdenum.Kune marudzi akawanda esimbi isina tsvina, kune anopfuura 150 simbi isina magiredhi, uye inowanzoshandiswa simbi isina tsvina inongoverengera chikamu chimwe mugumi chehuwandu hwehuwandu hwesimbi isina tsvina.Simbi isina simbi inogona kugadzirwa kuita pepa, ndiro, bhara, waya uye chubhu, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune akasiyana maapplication.
Kune mapoka mashanu makuru emasimbi asina tsvina akaiswa zvakanyanya nekristaro maitiro avo.Aya masimbi asina tsvina ndeaya:
1. Austenitic simbi isina tsvina
2. Ferritic simbi isina tsvina
3. Martensitic simbi isina tsvina
4. Duplex simbi isina tsvina
5. Kunaya kwakaomesa simbi isina tsvina
Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, simbi isina tsvina ndeye alloy inoumbwa nemusanganiswa wesimbi uye chromium.Simba resimbi isina tsvina rakanangana neiyo chromium yemukati mune alloy.Iyo yakakwirira yemukati yechromium, inowedzera simba resimbi.Stainless simbi inopokana nekuora uye tembiricha yakakwira inoita kuti ive yakakodzera kune huwandu hwezvinhu zvemuchadenga, zvinosanganisira actuators, fasteners uye giya rekumhara.
Zvakanakira kushandisa Stainless simbi kune aerospace zvikamu:
Kunyange zvazvo yakasimba kudarika aruminiyamu, simbi isina tsvina inowanzorema zvikuru.Asi zvichienzaniswa nealuminium, Stainless simbi zvikamu zvine maviri akakosha mabhenefiti:
1. Simbi isina tsvina ine yakakwirira corrosion resistance.
2. Simbi isina tsvina yakasimba uye inowedzera kusapfeka.
Iyo shear modulus uye nzvimbo yekunyungudika yesimbi isina tsvina zvakare yakanyanya kuoma kugadzirisa kupfuura aruminiyamu alloys.
Izvi zvivakwa zvakakosha kune akawanda aerospace zvikamu, uye simbi isina tsvina inobata chinzvimbo chakakosha muaerospace application.Zvakanakira simbi isina tsvina inosanganisirawo kupisa kwakanyanya uye kushorwa kwemoto, kupenya, kutaridzika kwakanaka.Chitarisiko uye yakanakisa hutsanana kunaka.Simbi isina tsvina zvakare iri nyore kugadzira.Kana zvikamu zvendege zvichida kuiswa weld, kugadzirwa nemichina kana kucheka kuti zvinyatsoenderana, kushanda kwakanaka kwemidziyo yesimbi isina tsvina kunonyanya kuoneka.Mamwe masimbi esimbi alloys ane yakanyanya kusimba yekupikisa, izvo zvinokanganisawo kuchengetedzwa kwendege hombe.uye kusimba zvinhu zvakakosha.
Nekufamba kwenguva, indasitiri yezvemuchadenga yave yakasiyana-siyana, uye mota dzemazuva ano dzemuchadenga dzinowanzo vakwa nemitumbi yesimbi isina tsvina kana maairframe.Pasinei nekudhura, ivo vanewo simba zvakanyanya kudarika aruminiyamu, uye nemhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi isina tsvina zvichienderana nechiitiko, kushandiswa kwesimbi isina tsvina kunogona kupa simba rakanakisisa-ku-uremu reshiyo.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-02-2023