Uhlalutyo lweendawo zoomatshini ezichanekileyo: I-General Shaft

I. Iimpawu zesakhiwo se-shaft jikelele

Amalungu eshaft ngamalungu ajikelezayo anobude obukhulu kunobukhulu bawo.Ngokuqhelekileyo ziqulunqwe ngemigangatho yangaphandle ye-cylindrical, i-conical surfaces, imicu, i-splines, i-keyways, imingxuma enqamlezayo, i-grooves kunye nezinye iindawo.Amalungu eshafti ngokubanzi ahlulwe abe ziindidi ezine ngokweempawu zawo zolwakhiwo: iishafti ezigudileyo, iishafti ezinyatheleyo, iishafti ezingenanto kunye neeshafti ezinokwakheka okukhethekileyo (kubandakanya ii-crankshafts, ihalf shafts, camshafts, eccentric shafts, shafts cross and spline shafts, njl. njl.).

II.Ukunyamezela kwe-Dimensional shaft jikelele

Iindawo eziphambili zeengxenye ze-shaft zihlala zihlulwe zibe ngamacandelo amabini: enye yijenali yangaphandle ehambelana nendandatho yangaphakathi yokuthwala, oko kukuthi, ijenali yenkxaso, esetyenziselwa ukumisela indawo ye-shaft kunye nokuxhasa i-shaft.Inqanaba lokunyamezela idimensional liphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo I-IT5~IT7;Olunye uhlobo yijenali esebenzisana neendawo ezahlukeneyo zothumelo, oko kukuthi, ijenali ehambelanayo, kunye nokunyamezela kwayo.
Inqanaba lisezantsi kancinci, ngokuqhelekileyo IT6~IT9.

III.Uburhabaxa bomphezulu weshaft jikelele

Umphezulu owenziwe ngomatshini we-shaft uneemfuno zobunzima bomphezulu, eziye zichongwe ngokubanzi ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni kunye noqoqosho lokucubungula.Uburhabaxa bomphezulu bejenali exhasayo budla ngokuba yiRa0.2 ~ 1.6um, kwaye ijenali ehambelanayo yenxalenye yothumelo yiRa0.4 ~ 3.2um.

IV.Uhlalutyo lweteknoloji yokucubungula iindawo ze-shaft jikelele

Kwiindawo ezineemfuno ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo, ukugoba kunye nokugqiba kufuneka kuhlulwe ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wamacandelo.Ukucutshungulwa kweendawo zeshaft zinokwahlulwa ngokubanzi zibe zizigaba ezithathu: ukujika okurhabaxa (ukujika okurhabaxa kwesangqa sangaphandle, ukugrunjwa kwemingxuma esembindini, njl.njl.), ukujika kwesiqingatha sokugqiba (ukujika kwesiqingatha sokugqiba kwezangqa ezahlukeneyo zangaphandle, amanyathelo, kunye nokusila imingxuma esembindini kunye nemigangatho emincinci, njl.njl.) , ukugaqa kunye nokucolwa (ukusila ngokucokisekileyo kuzo zonke izangqa zangaphandle).Inqanaba ngalinye lihlulwe ngokufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zonyango lobushushu.

VI.Izinto eziphathekayo kunye nezikhewu ze-shaft jikelele

(1) Ngokuqhelekileyo, iintsimbi ezingama-45 zidla ngokusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokwenza iinxalenye zeshafti.Kwi-shafts echanekileyo ephezulu, i-40Cr, GCr1565Mn, okanye i-ductile iron ingasetyenziswa;kwi-high-speed, i-shaft-load-shafts, i-20CMnTi, i-20Mn2B, i-20C kunye nezinye iintsimbi ze-carburizing okanye i-38CrMoAl zingasetyenziswa.Intsimbi ene-nitrided.
(2) Kwiindawo zeshaft jikelele, imivalo engqukuva kunye nefogi zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njengezinto ezingenanto;kwimibhobho emikhulu okanye i-shafts enezakhiwo ezinzima, iinxalenye zisetyenziswa.Emva kokuba indawo engenanto ishushu kwaye yenziwe, ubume befiber yangaphakathi yesinyithi inokuhanjiswa ngokulinganayo kumphezulu wokufumana amandla aphezulu, amandla okugoba kunye namandla e-torsion.

VII.Ukunyangwa kobushushu be-shaft jikelele

I-1) Ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa, i-forging blanks kufuneka ibe yinto eqhelekileyo okanye ihlanjululwe ukucokisa iinkozo zangaphakathi zetsimbi, ukuphelisa uxinzelelo, ukunciphisa ubulukhuni bezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokuphucula ukuqhubekeka.
2) Ukucinywa kunye nokufudumeza kulungelelaniswa ngokubanzi emva kokujika okurhabaxa naphambi kokugqiba ukugqiba ukujika ukufumana iimpawu ezilungileyo zomatshini.I-3) Ukucima ubuso ngokuqhelekileyo kulungiselelwe ngaphambi kokugqiba, ukwenzela ukuba ukuguqulwa kwendawo okubangelwa ukucima kunokulungiswa.I-4) I-Shafts eneemfuno ezichanekileyo, Emva kokucima inxalenye okanye ukugaya ngokukrakra, unyango oluphantsi lokushisa oluphantsi luyafuneka.