Ukuhlaziywa kwezingxenye zomshini ezinembile: General Shaft

I. Izici zesakhiwo shaft evamile

Izingxenye zeshaft ziyizingxenye ezijikelezayo ubude bazo bukhulu kunobubanzi bazo.Zivame ukwakhiwa ngaphandle kwe-cylindrical surfaces, izindawo ezi-conical, izintambo, ama-splines, okhiye, izimbobo eziphambene, ama-grooves nezinye izindawo.Izingxenye ze-shaft ezijwayelekile zihlukaniswe izigaba ezine ngokuya nezici zazo zesakhiwo: izinsimbi ezibushelelezi, izigxobo ezinyathelwe, izigxobo ezingenalutho kanye nezinsimbi ezimise okukhethekile (okuhlanganisa ama-crankshafts, ama-half shafts, ama-camshafts, ama-eccentric shafts, ama-cross shafts nama-spline shafts, njll.).

II.Ukubekezelelwa kwe-Dimensional shaft evamile

Izindawo eziyinhloko zezingxenye ze-shaft zivame ukuhlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezimbili: enye ijenali yangaphandle ehambisana nendandatho yangaphakathi ye-bearing, okungukuthi, ijenali yokusekela, esetshenziselwa ukucacisa indawo ye-shaft nokusekela i-shaft.Izinga lokubekezelela i-dimensional liphakeme, ngokuvamile I-IT5~IT7;olunye uhlobo ijenali esebenzisana nezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zokudlulisela, okungukuthi, ijenali ehambisanayo, nokubekezelela kwayo
Izinga liphansi kancane, ngokuvamile i-IT6~IT9.

III.Ubulukhuni bobuso be-shaft evamile

Indawo esebenza ngomshini ye-shaft inezidingo zokuqina kwendawo, ngokuvamile ezinqunywa ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni nomnotho wokucubungula.Ubulukhuni obungaphezulu bejenali esekelayo ngokuvamile bungu-Ra0.2~1.6um, kanti ijenali ehambisanayo yengxenye yokudlulisela ingu-Ra0.4~3.2um.

IV.Ukuhlaziywa kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula izingxenye ze-shaft ezijwayelekile

Ezingxenyeni ezinezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, ukugoqa nokuqeda kufanele kuhlukaniswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yezingxenye.Ukucutshungulwa kwezingxenye ze-shaft ngokuvamile kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: ukuphenduka okungalungile (ukuphenduka okungalungile kwendilinga yangaphandle, ukubhoboza izimbobo eziphakathi nendawo, njll.), ukuphenduka kwe-semi-finish (ukuguqula i-semi-finish yemibuthano yangaphandle ehlukahlukene, izinyathelo, nokugaya wemigodi ephakathi nendawo kanye nezindawo ezincane, njll.), ukugaya okumahhadlahhadla nokucolekile (ukugaya okumahhadlahhadla nokucolekile kwayo yonke imibuthano yangaphandle).Isigaba ngasinye sihlukaniswe cishe ngezinqubo zokwelashwa kokushisa.

VI.Izinto kanye nezikhala ze-shaft evamile

(1) Ngokuvamile, insimbi engu-45 ivame ukusetshenziswa njengempahla yezingxenye ze-shaft.Kumashafti anembayo ephakeme, 40Cr, GCr1565Mn, noma i-ductile iron ingasetshenziswa;ama-shafts anesivinini esikhulu, anomthwalo osindayo, 20CMnTi, 20Mn2B, 20C nezinye izinsimbi zokungcwaba noma i-38CrMoAl ingasetshenziswa.Insimbi ye-nitrided.
(2) Ezingxenyeni ezivamile ze-shaft, imigoqo eyindilinga nama-forging ngokuvamile asetshenziswa njengezikhala;ama-shafts amakhulu noma ama-shaft anezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, izingxenye zisetshenziswa.Ngemva kokuba okungenalutho kushisiwe futhi kwakhiwe, ukwakheka kwefayibha yangaphakathi yensimbi kungasatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo endaweni ukuze kutholwe amandla aphakeme okuqina, amandla okugoba kanye namandla e-torsion.

VII.Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-shaft jikelele

I-1) Ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa, izikhala zokubumba kufanele zenziwe ngokwejwayelekile noma ziboshwe ukuze kucwengisiswe okusanhlamvu kwangaphakathi kwensimbi, kuqede ingcindezi yokubumba, kunciphise ubulukhuni bezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi kuthuthukiswe ukucutshungulwa.
2) Ukucisha kanye nokushisa kuvame ukuhlelwa ngemva kokuphenduka okungalungile nangaphambi kokuphenduka kancane kancane ukuze kutholwe izici ezinhle zokuhlanganisa.I-3) Ukucisha ubuso ngokuvamile kuhlelwa ngaphambi kokuqedwa, ukuze ukuguqulwa kwendawo okubangelwa ukucisha kulungiswe.I-4) Ama-Shafts anezidingo zokunemba, Ngemuva kokucisha ingxenye noma ukugaya okuqinile, ukwelashwa kokuguga okushisa okuphansi kuyadingeka.