I-Aero-injini ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zendiza.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inezidingo zobuchwepheshe eziphakeme futhi kunzima ukuyikhiqiza.Njengesisetshenziswa samandla esibalulekile enqubweni yokundiza kwendiza, inezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokucubungula izinto.Inezici zesisindo esilula, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa, ukumelana ne-oxidation nokumelana nokugqwala, kanye nezakhiwo zekhwalithi ephezulu ze-superalloy ziyenza ihlangabezane nezidingo zezinto ze-aero-injini.
Izinto ze-Superalloy zingagcina ukusebenza kahle emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-600 ° C nangaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokucindezeleka.Ukuvela kwezinto ze-superalloy ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezidingekayo zemishini yesimanje ye-aerospace.Ngemuva kweminyaka yokuvela kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ama-superalloy asephenduke izinto ezibalulekile zemishini ye-aerospace eyenza izingxenye ezishisayo.Ngokwemibiko ehlobene, kuma-aero-engines, Ukusetshenziswa Kwayo kubala ngaphezu kwesigamu sayo yonke impahla yenjini.
Ezinjinini zesimanjemanje, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-superalloy kukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi izingxenye eziningi zenjini zikhiqizwa ngama-superalloy, njengamakamelo avuthayo, ama-vane aqondisayo, ama- turbine blades, nama- turbine disk casings, izindandatho, nama-afterburners.Izingxenye ezinjengamakamelo omlilo nezimbobo zomsila zikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinto ze-superalloy.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-superalloy ku-aeroengine
Ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokujula okuqhubekayo komkhakha wokuhlola, ucwaningo lwama-crystal blades amasha aqukethe i-rhenium kanye nama-superalloy amasha azoqhubeka nokuhlolwa.Izinto ezintsha zizongeza amandla amasha emkhakheni wokukhiqiza imishini ye-aerospace esikhathini esizayo.
1. Ucwaningo ngama-crystal blades aqukethe i-rhenium
Olunye ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi lapho kucutshungulwa izinto ezinokwakheka kwekristalu eyodwa, zombili izakhiwo ze-alloy kanye nezakhiwo zenqubo zidinga ukucatshangelwa, ngoba amakristalu awodwa adinga ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokhahlo, ngakho-ke ezinye izakhi ze-alloying ezinemiphumela ekhethekile zivame ukungezwa izinto zokuthuthukisa.izakhiwo zekristalu eyodwa.Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-crystal alloys eyodwa, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali we-alloy kushintshile.Endabeni, uma izakhi zeqembu leplatinamu (ezifana ne-Re, Ru, Ir element) zengezwa, okuqukethwe kwezakhi eziphikisayo u-W, Mo, Re, no-Ta kungandiswa.Khulisa inani eliphelele lama-elementi okunzima kakhulu ukuncibilika, ukuze izakhi ezifana no-C, B, Hf zingashintshwa kusukela kusimo "sokususwa" kuya esimweni "esisetshenzisiwe";nciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-Cr.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwengeza ezinye izakhi ze-alloying kungenza okokusebenza kugcine ukuzinza okusethiwe ezidingweni zokusebenza kwezinto ezihlukile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-rhenium equkethe i-crystal blades kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana kwayo nezinga lokushisa futhi kuthuthukise amandla okukhasa.Ukwengeza i-rhenium engu-3% kungxube yekristalu eyodwa nokwandisa ngokufanelekile okuqukethwe kwezakhi ze-cobalt ne-molybdenum kungakhuphula ukumelana nezinga lokushisa ngo-30 °C, futhi amandla ahlala isikhathi eside kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwe-oxidation nakho kungaba sebhalansi enhle.state, okuzoba yinzuzo ekusetshenzisweni okukhulu kwe-rhenium equkethe izindwani zekristalu eyodwa endaweni ye-aerospace.Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziqukethe ikristalu eyodwa ye-rhenium yezindwani ze-aero-injini ye-turbine kuwumkhuba esikhathini esizayo.Ama-crystal blades anezinzuzo ezisobala mayelana nokumelana nezinga lokushisa, amandla okukhathala okushisayo, ukumelana ne-oxidation kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
2. Ucwaningo ngama-superalloy amasha
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinto ezintsha ze-superalloy, ezivame kakhulu i-powder superalloy, i-ODS alloy, inhlanganisela ye-intermetallic kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lensimbi yokuzigcoba.
Izinto ezibonakalayo ze-powder superalloy:
Inezinzuzo zesakhiwo esifanayo, isivuno esiphezulu nokusebenza okuhle kokukhathala.
Izinhlanganisela ze-Intermetallic:
Inganciphisa isisindo sezingxenye futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza, okulungele kakhulu ukwenza amasistimu okuhambisa amandla.
Ama-alloys e-ODS ane:
Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-oxidation
Izinto zokuzigcoba ezisekelwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ensimbi:
Ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-bearings asezingeni eliphezulu azigcobayo, okwandisa amandla okuthwala futhi athuthukise umthamo wokuthwala.
Ngokusetshenziswa okwandayo kwamashubhu aqinile e-superalloy ezinjinini ze-aero-injini, isidingo sawo sizoqhubeka nokwanda endaweni yesikhathi esizayo ye-aerospace.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-02-2023